These plants can be found both as perennials and annuals, but are often grown as annuals–particularly in northern climates. Even so, these flowers may self-seed and appear the following spring. Because these prolific flowers can bloom from spring to fall, be sure to deadhead spent blooms to encourage new, healthy flowers. Common pests or diseases include snails, slugs, and fungus or mildew, all of which are contributed to by overwatering or overly moist conditions.
Light
Like many other flowering plants, this type of viola does best in full sunshine. Plant in areas that receive at least 6 hours of direct light each day. However, if you live in a climate with intense, direct sunlight during the heat of summer, then these plants may fare better in a partially shaded area.
Soil
Johnny Jump Up violas prefer nutrient-rich, well-draining, and moist soil. Existing soil conditions can be enhanced by adding plenty of compost to your soil before planting. Compost not only adds an abundance of necessary nutrients but also helps the soil drain excess water.
Water
Regular watering is necessary to maintain the moist soil conditions preferred by Johnny Jump Ups. This is especially true in hot summer weather where excessive heat can cause wilting. However, mildew and fungus can be a problem for these plants. To ward off these conditions, water at the base of the plant near the soil and avoid getting the foliage wet.
Temperature and Humidity
These delicate-looking flowers are sensitive to hot temperatures and prefer mild, cool temperatures. Harsh heat can cause them to wilt. As a result, the Johnny Jump Up viola is quite tolerant of cold temperatures and can even handle light frosts. Low to moderate humidity levels are best as overly moist environments can contribute to mildew or fungus problems.
Fertilizer
Adding a slow-release, well-balanced fertilizer in the spring and again in early fall will help supplement these flowers with the nutrients they need to support their continual blooming. If you live in an area with intense summers, your violas may go a bit dormant during the mid-summer heat. Therefore, they may not need as much fertilizer during these months.
Varieties of Johnny Jump Up Violas
‘Viola tricolor’: Brightly colored and often the most famous variety of Johnny Jump Ups, these flowers boast three colors on each bloom including blue, purple, yellow, or white. This variety is very common in Europe and is most often the variety referred to as a ‘Johnny Jump Up’ viola. ‘Viola bicolor’: This variety is a blend of two colors and can be blue or purple with white or yellow centers. They have a gentle presence, as their blooms have a faded or washed-out appearance. They can be found scattered around North America in meadows, on the side of the road, or in your own front yard. ‘Viola cornuta’: Also known as the horned violet or tufted violet, these violas contain a long, slender nectar spur. Their flowers are often two-toned in purple and blue. Other colors can include white, yellow, or orange. ‘Viola pedunculata’: This is a perennial variety found throughout California. They boast heart-shaped leaves and bright yellow flowers. These cheerful blooms are known as California golden violet.
How to Grow Johnny Jump Ups from Seed
This type of viola can be started from seed indoors or using a direct sow method. Follow these steps to direct sow Johnny Jump Up seeds: If you prefer to start seeds indoors, take note of the following method:
